Jan. 1868
What was the significance?
April 1868
*Katsu [Rintarō] Kaishū surrenders (Gordon p. 59)
Renamed Tokyo 東京 "Eastern Capital"
June 1869
Emperor Meiji 明治
“Enlightened Rule”
Shift in daimyo allegiance
Based on the roster of Meiji leaders, what social-geographic patterns are visible among the men listed?
1. *Iwakura Tomomi
2. *Saigō Takamori
3. *Ōkubo Toshimichi
4. *Kido Takayoshi
Contemporary Meiji (Hopper, p. 55)
Goishin “honorable new beginning” or “Restoration”
Modern historians (Gordon, p. 76)
“Revolution from above”
“Revolution of frustrated sub-elite”
Temporary, 1868
Permanent, 1889
Supreme Council of State, 1868
Power holders: Senior and Junior councilors
6 Ministries
Personnel, Revenue, Shinto, War, Justice, Public Works
Based on 8th century precedents
Reformist domains give up land registers, 1869
Daimyōs become governors (keep 10% of tax), 1870
302 Prefectures with governors
Emperor abolishes domains, 1871
280 Prefectures w/governors
Later reduced to 46 Prefectures
Factors involved in lack of opposition
Financial incentives for daimyō
Debt forgiveness
Salaries worth 10% of former tax revenue
Reformist domains had best armies
Anti-foreign nationalism
Allowed to do nongovernmental work, 1871
Stipends and sword carrying abolished, 1876
Samurai stipends=1/3 of Meiji budget, 1868
Lump sum payment in bonds
Based on the lives of Katsu Kokichi and Fukuzawa Yukichi, would this have required a dramatic change in lower-samurai lifestyles?
Former samurai in the 1880s
65% of civil servants
41% of teachers